Manaus is an enigma: it's a huge port but it lies more than 900 miles from the ocean. The centre is home to grand buildings and ornate Belle Époque-style architecture while the city is surrounded by dense jungle. And although it's deep within the Amazon, Manaus had the first electric street lighting in the world. Just as the two waters of the rivers on which it sits never mix – the darker Rio Negro and lighter Amazon run side by side for several miles – so the different facets of Manaus are seemingly contradictory. But that's what makes it such a fascinating place to visit, and well worth a few days of your time before embarking on an Amazonian adventure. Don't miss the pink wedding cake-esque opera house, Teatro Amazonas, or the market Mercado Adolpho Lisboa, a replica of Les Halles in Paris, with ironwork said to be left over from the building of the Eiffel Tower. Such architectural extravagance testifies to the immense wealth that came to Manaus during the 19th-century rubber boom. While it's never regained its former glory, Manaus is still a sight to behold.

Deep in the Amazon, this island city can only be reached by air and sea – yet Parintins' remote location is why so many in Brazil and beyond have heard of this place. Parintins is known for its spectacular summer festival, Boi-Bumba, a week-long celebration of the indigenous community's culture and traditions, which isolation has helped preserve. Tens of thousands flock here for the event – it's second only in size and popularity to Rio's own world-famous carnival. The story at its heart – about a husband and wife and a bull – is lavishly told by the decorated floats, populated by giant models of the beast, and dancers in eye-popping costumes. But don't worry if you aren't in port at party time. While there is the Cathedral of Nossa Senhora do Carmo to see and the surrounding lakelands to explore, the bumba beat goes on, with performances held throughout the year.

Sandy shores and a beach-club vibe are not what you'd expect in the Amazon, yet this riverside town isn't known as the Brazilian Caribbean for nothing. Set on the banks of the Tapajós, this is a laidback spot for lounging in a hammock by warm waters, but make time to dip into local culture – dance to the carimbó beat, travel through the igarapés (Amazonian creeks), and pick up crafts made from tucumã, a native palm. There's a national forest nearby for treks through the jungle to spot the sacred samaúma trees and to hear the cacophony of birdsong.

One of three tiny dots just off the coast of north-eastern Brazil that make up the Salvation Islands, Devil's Island gets its fearsome name from the shark-infested waters and dangerous currents that surround it. Little wonder, then, that France thought it would make the perfect spot to house dangerous prisoners from 1852 to 1952. A penal colony was built on all three of the Salvation Islands, with Devil's Island being reserved for political prisoners, including Captain Alfred Dreyfus, who was unjustly charged with spying for Germany. Conditions were notoriously terrible, with violence and disease rampant. Today, Devil's Island is closed to all visitors but the remains of the penal colony on Isle Royale, where we dock, make for fascinating, if sobering, viewing.

Barbados is sun-drenched beaches, clear blue-green waters and cool trade winds. Its capital is a UNESCO treasure and inland you'll see lovingly preserved plantation houses, lush sugar cane fields and fragrant gardens. Reminders of former British rule abound, from cricket fields to Lord Nelson's statue and the original Trafalgar Square. Don't miss Bridgetown's bustling Careenage and the shops on Broad Street, which offer deals on luxury imports from Britain.

St. John's, the capital city of Antigua and Barbuda, is a vibrant and culturally rich destination nestled in the heart of the Caribbean. With its picturesque harbor, historic landmarks, and lively atmosphere, St. John's offers visitors a diverse array of experiences. The cityscape is defined by its pastel-colored buildings adorned with intricate colonial architecture, creating a charming backdrop for exploration. As you wander through the streets, you'll encounter bustling markets, quaint boutiques, and inviting cafes serving up local delicacies. One of the highlights of St. John's is its historic sites, including the iconic St. John's Cathedral, a masterpiece of English Baroque architecture, and the ruins of Fort James, which offer panoramic views of the coastline. The Museum of Antigua and Barbuda provides insight into the island's rich history and culture, showcasing artifacts and exhibits spanning centuries. For those seeking relaxation, St. John's boasts stunning beaches with powdery white sands and crystal-clear waters. Dickenson Bay and Runaway Bay are popular spots for sunbathing, swimming, and water sports such as snorkeling and sailing.

Great Harbor, a deep, softly sweeping indentation on the south side of the island, treats visitors to an eyeful of tropical loveliness and a host of amenities. Lined by rustic, character-filled shops and eateries, the harbor-front beach offers a real feel for the Caribbean. Standbys like Christine's Bakery (serving fresh breads and sticky buns) and Foxy's (one of the best-known beach bars in the Caribbean) are so humble that they might be overlooked by the uninitiated passerby.